DOCK IT APP VACCINE ACTIVATOR
DOCK IT APP VACCINE SERIES

DOCK IT APP VACCINE ACTIVATOR

Each toxin as a neutralizing antigen is encoded by the apxCABD operon and activated by the activator C, and secreted by B and D ( 8), and expressed by different serovar strains ( 9– 11).

DOCK IT APP VACCINE SERIES

A series of virulence factors have been described, in which Apx toxins (ApxI-IV) are the most critical ones with different hemolytic and cytotoxic activities ( 7). pleuropneumoniae is classified into at least 19 serovars based on surface polysaccharide antigens ( 1, 3) and capsule loci ( 4– 6). PCP is characterized by hemorrhagic, fibrinous, and necrotic lung lesions, and the clinical feature of infected pigs ranges from acute death to chronic pleuritis lung lesions ( 2). Porcine contagious pleuropneumonia (PCP), caused by Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) infection, is one of the most critical respiratory infectious diseases and causes considerable economic losses in the swine industry worldwide ( 1). pleuropneumoniae infection in both mice and pigs. Taken together, Bac-sub is a safe and effective vaccine that could provide high protection against A.

The protective efficacy of the Bac-sub vaccine was further evaluated in pigs, which showed that vaccinated pigs displayed significantly milder clinical symptoms and lung lesions than the unvaccinated pigs after the challenge. Much lower lung bacterial loads (LBLs) and milder lung lesions were observed in the Bac-sub-vaccinated mice than in those vaccinated with the other two vaccines. After a challenge with virulent strains of serovars 1, 5, and 7, the Bac-sub vaccine provided greater protection (91.76%, 100%, and 100%, respectively) than commercial vaccines. The results revealed that the Bac-sub vaccine showed no obvious side effects, and induced higher levels of Apx toxin-specific IgG, IgG1, and IgG2a than the commercial vaccines after booster. Its side effects, immune protection, and cross-protection were evaluated and compared with a commercial subunit vaccine and a commercial trivalent bacterin in a mouse infection model. In this study, a combinatorial vaccine (Bac-sub) was developed, which contained inactivated bacterial cells of a serovar 1 strain and three recombinant protoxins (rApxIA, rApxIIA, and rApxIIIA). Commercially available vaccines of this disease, including inactivated bacterins and subunit vaccines, have clinical limitations such as side effects and low cross-protection. Currently, vaccination is still a commonly used strategy for the prevention of the disease.

4The HZAU-HVSEN Institute, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, ChinaĪctinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) is the etiological agent of porcine contagious pleuropneumonia (PCP) that causes great economic losses in the swine industry.

3International Research Center for Animal Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology (China), Wuhan, China.

2The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China.

1State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.

Lijun Zhang 1 Wentao Luo 1 Ruyue Xiong 1 Haotian Li 1 Zhiming Yao 1 Wenxiao Zhuo 1 Geng Zou 1 Qi Huang 1,2,3 * Rui Zhou 1,2,3,4 *

Dock it app vaccine